Ernst Conservation Seeds 8884 Mercer Pike Meadville, PA 16335 (800) 873-3321 [email protected] virgatum- Switchgrass. 99. The coastal ecotype is similar to the lowland ecotype in terms of overwintering survival and plant architecture but displays upland leaf characteristics. In this study, we characterized the microbiomes of four different rhizocompartments of two switchgrass ecotypes (Alamo and Kanlow) grown under drought or well-watered conditions via 16S ribosomal RNA amplicon sequencing. To determine which OTU community is responsible for the ecotypic effect, we conducted OTU analysis with OTUs identified from well-watered Alamo and Kanlow in each rhizocompartment. Great. 5 times of the lowland ecotype’s. We applaud our nurseries for increasingly propagating plants from locally-collected seeds. Creeping Foxtail. Social. An earlier response to declining temperatures may provide the upland ecotype with additional time to prepare for winter and provide an advantage when plants are subjected to the. By field-testing the adaptability of switchgrass hybrids in a wide range of environmental conditions, researchers hope to eventually develop a “generalist” switchgrass that would thrive and. Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L. Ernst Conservation Seeds. Department of Energy (DOE) has also recommended switchgrass as a model for biofuel crop because it is capable of producing high yields and has high levels of cellulose that requires a low energy input for production (Moser & Vogel, 1995; Sanderson et. Departure from long-term (30 yr) normal was obtained by. | Find, read and cite all the research. If switchgrass becomes stemmy before grazing begins, cut it for hay and graze the regrowth about 45 days later. It is a common species of the tallgrass prairie, utilized as a forage crop, and has been championed as a bioenergy feedstock ( Casler et al. Considering a switchgrass yield of 15 Mg ha −1 and the glucan content, a theoretical ethanol production of 3330–4680 L ha −1 could be produced. Native 30. 2020 Central New York . 5 cm high) were used to create a sterile environment. J. 5% Bidens cernua, PA Ecotype (Nodding Bur Marigold, PA Ecotype)Little Bluestem, PA Ecotype. }, abstractNote = {Abstract Plant derived bioactive small molecules. In contrast to some. Switchgrass has two main ecotypes: the lowland ecotype being. . al. Upland cultivars of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L. It is equally impressive in winter when it provides texture, movement, and contrast to evergreen. 2009, 2011a). Switchgrass, ‘Timber’. 2 Gallon. 40 Add to cart; Add to Wishlist. long-termproductivity[7,11,13]. Add to Wishlist. 36 8. 100. Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L. and Schmer, Marty R. 0 g glucans/kg switchgrass dry basis (db) and 579. ), and kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L. Andropogon gerardii, Long Island-NY Ecotype $ 14. An earlier response to declining temperatures may provide the upland ecotype with additional time to prepare for winter and provide an advantage when plants are subjected to the rapid changes in fall temperature associated with. ) is a perennial C4 grass that is being developed as a bioenergy crop because it has high production yields and suitable agronomic traits. Specifically, replicate plants from three locally-adapted ecotypes of the native grass Panicum virgatum (switchgrass) were transplanted at three geographically distinct field sites (one home and two away) in the Midwestern US. 89. However, site differences seldom exert enough selection pressure to override gene flow. Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L. duriuscula, Gladiator $ 5. 00 Add to cart; Add to Wishlist. 2022 Nov 3;e13812. Switchgrass is among perennial grass crops with potential for biofuel production, said Steven Rhines of the foundation. 00% . Switchgrass has two main ecotypes: the lowland ecotype being exclusively tetraploid (2n = 4x = 36) and the upland ecotype being mainly tetraploid and octaploid (2n = 8x = 72). Switchgrass, Long Island-NY Ecotype. Herb/Forb : Verbena hastata . 00% . 5. Social. 0. 40 Add to cart; Add to Wishlist. org. ) is a tall, erect, warm-season perennial native to the tall grass prairie, oak savanna, and associated ecosystems. Seeding Rates: Seeding rates were “low” (36 seeds/ft2), “medium” (72 seeds/ft2) and “high” (108 seeds/ft2). Switchgrass is an early-maturing warm-season grass (late May–early June); growth usually begins in April. Add to Project. The area of adaption zone of upland switchgrass was 4. Abstract. and Saha, Malay C. Animals that may use this habitat include owls, bald eagles, and osprey. Andropogon glomeratus var. switchgrass. Conversion of switchgrass to ethanol using dilute ammonium hydroxide pretreatment: influence of ecotype and harvest maturityThe U. Collinear gene pairs in two subgenomes (A and B) were not significantly differentially methylated. 0% Juncus effusus 2. 2016, BMC Genomics. Like many prairie natives, Indian Grass is a warm-season grass, blooming in late summer and fall. Europe PMC is an archive of life sciences journal literature. ORCID identifier for Mingxiu Long is 0000-0003-1530. It reaches 3-4 feet and with its flower plumes it can measure up to 7 feet tall. Switchgrass ecotypes vary in appearance, with upland ecotypes having thinner, more numerous shoots and thin green leaves, whereas lowland varieties. Some switchgrass ecotypes and varieties can grow well in the northern U. The coastal ecotype is similar to the lowland ecotype in terms of overwintering survival and plant architecture but displays upland leaf characteristics. Feed trials suggest that both switchgrass ecotype and cultivar can influence feeding damage by a common generalist herbivore, which can be used to help inform current switchgrass planting decisions as well as future breeding efforts. Add to Wishlist. ) is a warm season, perennial grass native to North America with two major ecotypes adapted to different edaphic conditions: the southern-adapted lowland ecotype and northern-adapted upland ecotype (Porter, 1966). Find the exact seeds you need for your project using the advanced search and filtering options of our Seed Finder Tool: ERNST Seeds. 00 0. The objective of. Worldwide, temperate grasslands are one of the most threatened ecosystems (Hoekstra et al. 00 % Chamaecrista fasciculata, PA Ecotype Partridge Pea, PA Ecotype 7. DNA methylation in switchgrass genotypes obtained from the two ecotypes were found similar. root biomass. Menu. ) is an important crop for bioenergy feedstock development. Individual Seed Species. Values in parentheses are standard deviations. Switchgrass was seeded at 30 PLS ft 2 using a no-till drill and seeded at 6-, 12-, 18-, 24-, 30-, and 36-inch row spacings. Find the exact seeds you need for your project using the advanced search and filtering options of our Seed Finder Tool: Individual Seed Species. . Specifically, replicate plants from three locally-adapted ecotypes of the native grass Panicum virgatum (switchgrass) were transplanted at. It has a long taproot that will grow 10 feet long or more. @article{osti_1626801, title = {Transcriptome analysis in switchgrass discloses ecotype difference in photosynthetic efficiency}, author = {Serba, Desalegn D. A riparian area on the Allegheny River in northwest Pennsylvania consisting of cordgrass, switchgrass and other warm season grasses. e. Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L. Some sedges strongly prefer a particular habitat, while others are "generalists. Where similar ecological conditions occur in widely. Long-term moderate grazing had relatively little impact on soil properties compared to ungrazed pastures. to 5 p. 00 (the “Regulations"). ), such as ‘Cave-in-Rock,’ often are recommended for the northeastern USA. ) has been identified in the USA as an ideal biomass crop, in relation to its wide environmental suitability, mainly linked to the availability of both upland and lowland ecotypes, allowing the possibility of growing this species in most of the North American region. 4 Tb) to genotype 537 individuals from 45 upland and 21 lowland populations. 1% Asclepias syriaca, PA Ecotype (Common Milkweed, PA Ecotype) 0. Town of Southeast, New York MP-1 Date:March 18, 2019 EVANS ASSOCIATES ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTING, INC. described [44]. In the present paper, we report and discuss the results of two long-term trials in Greece (1998–2014) and Italy (1998–2010) comparing thirteen switchgrass varieties (including both lowlands and uplands, Table1). Shreyartha Mukherjee. Switchgrass is a perennial C4 grass that can form contact rhizosheath under drought conditions. The coastal ecotype is similar to the lowland ecotype in terms of overwintering survival and plant architecture but displays. Europe PMC is an archive of life sciences journal literature. 40 Add to cart; Contact Us. To determine which OTU community is responsible for the ecotypic effect, we conducted OTU analysis with OTUs identified from well-watered Alamo and Kanlow in each rhizocompartment. One option is to begin grazing when switchgrass is 8 to 10 inches tall (late May to early June). ), and prairie cordgrass have shown potential use for conservation practices and potential bioenergy production [1,2,3,4]. S. 80 Add to cart; Add to Wishlist. Switchgrass, ‘Blackwell’. 40 Add to cart; Contact Us. 29. A planting depth of ¼ to ½ in. Effect of ecotype and management (one-cut (low input and management) and two-cut (high input and management)) on yield of switchgrass at eight locations across upper southeast USA. Indiangrass NY Ecotype : 8. Andropogon virginicus, MO Ecotype $ 96. @article{osti_1423766, title = {The Genetic Basis of Upland/Lowland Ecotype Divergence in Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum)}, author = {Milano, E. A single annual cutting in the late fall or winter has been considered practical for biomass production [11, 14],Switchgrass, ‘Shelter’ #1 for winter snow standability. At present,. 10 Add to cart; Add to Wishlist. Town of Southeast, New York MP-1 Date:March 18, 2019 EVANS ASSOCIATES ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTING, INC. This plant enjoys full sun to partial shade. The two ecotypes had differing production, with the lowland. Lowland ecotypes typically originate from more southerly locations tha. 00 100. It has been studied for production of biofuels (ethanol and diesel) and. Conclusions: The gene ontology (GO) analysis of the transcriptome indicated lowland ecotype had. ) is planted to stabilize the soil. Eragrostis spectabilis, RI Ecotype Purple Lovegrass, RI Ecotype Low-growing, short-rhizomed bunchgrass; grows well in open areas; provides a short visual layer when used with little bluestem or sideoats grama; early fall color. Species:. com. Background: Switchgrass, a warm-season perennial grass studied as a potential dedicated biofuel feedstock, is classified into two main taxa - lowland and upland ecotypes - that differ in morphology and habitat of adaptation. . No-choice feeding experiments were used to explore how switchgrass varieties influence larval establishment, consumption levels, and life-history traits in contrast to a preferred host, corn (Zea mays L. Layton (cnl24@cornell. Find the exact seeds you need for your project using the advanced search and filtering options of our Seed Finder Tool: switchgrass growing in the Long Island Sound Coastal Lowland ecoregion in Connecticut. Big Bluestem, Long Island-NY Ecotype. Switchgrass Cultivar/Ecotype Selection and Management for Biofuels in the Upper Southeast USA. Autumn Bentgrass, Albany Pine Bush-NY Ecotype. Introduction. m. The study was conducted during 2000 and 2001 as part of a larger study [2, 3], using switchgrass stands planted in 1992 at eight different sites across five states in the upper southeast USA (Table 1). Red fescue is shallow-rooted, leading to sod. Hibiscus moscheutos – Marsh mallow. Switchgrass, ‘Summer’ Rhizomatous, intermediate warm season bunchgrass; early maturing northern variety. The. A single annual cutting in the late fall or winter hasNative Warm Season Grasses and High Quality Biomass - Ernst. 1111/ppl. Forest stands on islands are of particular importance to nesting colonial water. We invite native plant nurseries in CNY to provide a list of native plants they plan to sell during the growing season. This Wonderful Village on The Hill Colonial Offers 5 Bedrooms, 3 New Full Baths, 1 Half Bath, Large Den With A Wood Burning Stone Fireplace, Extended New Eat-In-Kitchen, New Appliances and Lighting. 80 Add to cart; Contact Us. New York Ironweed : 0. Add to Wishlist. Albany Pine Bush-NY Ecotype $ 16. Neonate S. 00 Add to cart; Contact Us. 00 % Elymus virginicus, PA Ecotype Virginia Wildrye, PA Ecotype 10. 00 Add to cart; Contact Us. Kanlow is a lowland ecotype and is winter sensitive so should be grown in USDA Plant Hardiness Zones 5a to 8b. Fringed Bluestar, SC Ecotype. This study was designed to determine if: 1) switchgrass plants collected in the Long Island Sound Coastal Lowland coastal Level IV ecoregion represented local. 20 cm wide, and 16. The RNA was pooled from three independent pots of each genotype and for each of the three biological replicates. Two of these were first documented in 2007. We hypothesize that - consistent with accumulating evidence that switchgrass genotype impacts microbiome assembly - differential terpenoid accumulation contributes to switchgrass ecotype-specific microbiome composition. ) is a perennial C 4 grass native to much of the central and eastern United States (Casler 2012). This plant is one of the more dominant species of the tallgrass prairie, but it is found all over North America growing along moist roadsides, streambanks, and woodlands. SL94-1) genotypes. and Saha, Malay C. Lowland ecotypes typically originate from more southerly locations tha. 0% Panicum clandestinum, Tioga (Deertongue, Tioga) General Product. 2006. Switchgrass. It reaches 3-4 feet and with its flower plumes it can measure up to 7 feet tall. Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L. The mean yield, averaged for the period 2006–2016, was used to build opportunity maps of upland and lowland ecotype switchgrass using Arcgis10. Habitat Gardening in Central New York . );. Panicumvirgatum(switchgrass)isanidealsystem for studying the evolutionary genetic basis of ecotype divergence. ) is a lowland-type cultivar that is adapted to USDA plant hardiness zones (HZ) 4, 5, and 6 in the U. 4 m at all locations except at the Blacksburg site B, where plots were 6. 4,792 sq ft (lot) 7 Terry Dr, Mastic, NY 11950. Andropogon gerardii, Long Island-NY Ecotype $ 14. At the end of the growing season, plant leaves were harvested and the fungal microbiome characterized using. Switchgrass is a long-lived outcrossing C4 perennial grass native toAn ecotype is a population adapted to local site (usually edaphic) conditions that occur in patches rather than in gradients. Big Bluestem, Long Island-NY Ecotype. Switchgrass, which occurs as tetraploid and octoploid forms, is classified into lowland or. Switchgrass is a perennial C4 grass which can f. More disease resistant than 'Cave-In-Rock'. Quick Links. 1 / 3-1 / 2. Europe PMC is an archive of life sciences journal literature. m. Switchgrass ( Panicum virgatum L. 00% . Comparison of switchgrass ecotype biomass & root traits. and in Canada where the growing seasons are relatively short (2 months), but days are long during the summer. S. Andropogon gerardii, Long Island-NY Ecotype $ 14. Because there is a significant difference in ploidy, morphology,. An ecologically important prairie plant, switchgrass has also been bred for forage production and, more recently, as a model bioenergy feedstock (Wright et al. Switchgrass Panicum virgatum Deertongue Panicum clandestinum Indiangrass Sorghastrum nutans. The RNA was pooled from three independent pots of each genotype and for each of the three biological replicates. Andropogon gerardii, Long Island-NY Ecotype $ 14. Blackwell is an upland ecotype and grows well in all of New York State. Each site was chosen to represent a historic home for a given switchgrass ecotype (i. Lathyrus maritimus – Beach pea. Cold acclimation threshold induction temperatures of switchgrass ecotypes grown under a long and short photoperiod. The genome of the AP13 switchgrass genotype is large (haploid genome size = 1,129. Leafy, achieves moderate heights and is non-uniform. Herbaceous biomass is being investigated in the search for renewable energy sources. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with three field replicates of two switchgrass cultivars Summer (upland ecotype) and Kanlow (lowland ecotype). 20 2. com switchgrass growing in the Long Island Sound Coastal Lowland ecoregion in Connecticut. Apply this mix at. Five switchgrass ecotypes (cv. Keywords: Switchgrass, Transcriptome, Ecotype, Photosynthesis, SNP markers Background Increasing emission of carbon dioxide into the atmos-phere from burning nonrenewable fossil fuels causes theThe U. In recent years, switchgrass has attracted attention as an ecologically beneficial species in conservation agriculture, and as a potential source of alternative energy and sustainable fiber for new and developing markets. Plant material, growth condition, and treatment. It’s not as environmentally friendly as some supporters claim and would supply only 12 percent of U. Switchgrass is a long-lived outcrossing C4 perennial grass native to a large region of central and eastern North America and extending south into Central America. 8% of the. Path Rush : 1. , 2017. Upland varieties include “Caddo,” “Cave-in-Rock,” “Shawnee,” and. amarulum can be found in the same areas, as well as sandflats and sandhills It prefers well-drained, dry to medium moisture soils performing well even in. RNA was eluted in RNase-free water and quantified using a NanoDrop1000. Ernst Conservation Seeds 8884 Mercer Pike Meadville, PA 16335 (800) 873-3321 sales@ernstseed. No. , “Madison”, “Fermi”, and “Cave-in-Rock”, respectively). 00 Observed and long-term means for rainfall and temperature data during April through September (A–S) near sites on which switchgrass was grown in the upper Southeast USA. Switchgrass cultivar/ecotype selection and management for biofuels in the upper southeast USA. ), a perennial warm-season grass indigenous to the eastern USA, has potential as a biofuels feedstock. Switchgrass is a perennial C4 grass that can form contact rhizosheath under drought conditions. Big Bluestem, Long Island-NY Ecotype. ) is a genotypically and phenotypically diverse perennial grass with two distinct ecotypes (lowland and upland) and numerous genotypes. Comparison of switchgrass ecotype biomass & root traits. Transcriptome analysis in switchgrass discloses ecotype difference in photosynthetic efficiency K-REx RepositorySince the switchgrass ecotypes were planted in pots instead of in fields (without space limitation), bulk soil was likely to be affected by plant ecotype. Ernst Conservation Seeds 8884 Mercer Pike Meadville, PA 16335 (800) 873-3321 sales@ernstseed. Two ecotypes of switchgrass have long been recognized, namely lowland and upland; lowland typically has fewer, thicker and taller stems and wider leaves, and flowers later 1. " by T. Department of Energy's Office of Scientific and Technical Information2007;Lowry2012). ecotype plant will better match local conditions. Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum; Poaceae) has attracted attention as a biofuel feedstock because it is a perennial C4 photosynthetic plant with high cellulosic. The lowland ecotype. Develops good cover in detention basins with Panicum anceps and Panicum rigidulum. How: Even if you choose a sunny day to prune, wear a long-sleeved shirt and gloves so the blades of grass don’t cut your skin. Conclusions: The gene ontology (GO) analysis of the transcriptome indicated lowland ecotype had. The highest yielding ecotype and its yield were displayed on a 1 × 1 km grid, which was named optimal switchgrass. Its long roots improve soil and water quality by absorbing nutrients and sequestering carbon dioxide. ), perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L. Lowland varieties are also. The soil does need to be well drained and have minimum nutrient levels. Exploring Potential U. Switchgrass, ‘Independence’. Find the exact seeds you need for your project using the advanced search and filtering options of our Seed Finder Tool: Background Switchgrass, a warm-season perennial grass studied as a potential dedicated biofuel feedstock, is classified into two main taxa – lowland and upland ecotypes – that differ in morphology and habitat of adaptation. 0% Andropogon gerardii, 'Niagara' (Big Bluestem, ‘Niagara’) 4. IMPORTANT: Local ecotype is NOT the same as locally-grown, although local ecotype plants are often grown locally. Andropogon gerardii, IL Ecotype $ 16. Big Bluestem, Long Island-NY Ecotype. ) has been identified in the USA as an ideal biomass crop, in relation to its wide environmental suitability, mainly linked to the availability of both upland and lowland ecotypes, allowing the possibility of growing this species in most of the North American region. and in Canada where the growing seasons are relatively short (2 months), but days are long during the summer. Background. . In this study, we characterized the microbiomes of four different rhizocompartments of two switchgrass ecotypes. 40 Add to cart; Add to Wishlist. In addition, the report of heterosis for upland x lowland ecotype crosses further underscores the need for accurate and efficient discrimination of switchgrass gene pools [19,20]. Canada Wild Rye. Parrish,2 andDaleD. life Division) of switchgrass within the southern half of Michigan’s Lower Peninsula. and Roosendaal, Damaris and Denef, Karolien and Pruessner, Elizabeth and Comas, Louise H. ) is a native perennial grass and one of the predominant species of the North American tallgrass prairies. edu) February 5, 2013 Switchgrass smut (Tilletia maclaganii) is a seed and soilborne fungus that replaces the ovaries in affected switchgrass(SNP) markers were discovered for VS16 (upland ecotype) and K5 (lowland ecotype) against the reference genome. Common Yarrow. 2011 ; Casler 2012 ; Parrish et al. Once switchgrass is established, its bunch-type growth habit makes it very competitive with weeds. 00 % Panicum virgatum, Long Island-NY Ecotype Switchgrass, Long Island-NY Ecotype 14. The Role of Ecotype‐Environment Interactions in Intraspecific Trophic; Population and Community Ecology RK Kohli, DR Batish and HP Singh; Chapter 2. Coastal and Island Forests. The following varieties are available in commercial quantities from Ernst Conservation Seeds, Inc. Summary. The objective of this study was to investigate the performance of upland and lowland switchgrass cultivars under different environments and management treatments. Develops good cover in detention basins with Panicum anceps and. Switchgrass is a native warm season (NWS) perennial grass that is often grown as a forage crop, natural wildlife habitat, or, increasingly, as a bioenergy crop. A female parent AP13 and male parent VS16 (an upland ecotype) were utilized for the construction of a genetic linkage map [ 18 ] and the identification of quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with biomass yield and traits related to. Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L. One option is to begin grazing when switchgrass is 8 to 10 inches tall (late May to early June). Add to Wishlist. 02% for insertions or deletions) between the ecotypes . Attractive warm season bunchgrass; good for erosion control, landscaping, and roadside beautification; provides food and cover for wildlife. A. 0% Verbena hastata, PA Ecotype (Blue Vervain, PA Ecotype) 3. 40 Add to cart; Contact Us. and Mexico where the summer days are much shorter, but the growing season may last six to eight months. these studies. , their geographic range overlaps)? b. Aggressive rhizomatous species; does well with switchgrass and big bluestem; dominant robust vegetation adds diversity to native landscapes; provides cover for wildlife. ) is a perennial C4 grass that is being developed as a bioenergy crop because it has high production yields and suitable agronomic traits. ] November 23, 2023Conversion of switchgrass to ethanol using dilute ammonium hydroxide pretreatment: influence of ecotype and harvest maturityCold acclimation threshold induction temperatures of switchgrass ecotypes grown under a long and short photoperiod. Long Island, island in the Atlantic Ocean that comprises the southeasternmost part of New York state, U. Switchgrass Panicum virgatum Deertongue Panicum clandestinum Indiangrass Sorghastrum nutans. United Kingdom: N. @article{osti_1423766, title = {The Genetic Basis of Upland/Lowland Ecotype Divergence in Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum)}, author = {Milano, E. 1. Item Botanical Name Purity Germ Hard Dorm Origin Origin 30. Fourteen lowland switchgrass populations were subjected to selection for winter survivorship at Arlington and Hancock, WI, located in USDA plant hardiness zones. Panicum virgatum L. Carex scoparia, PA Ecotype (Blunt Broom Sedge, PA Ecotype) Poa palustris (Fowl Bluegrass). View in full-text Similar publicationsAll plant transformations were carried out using Arabidopsis thaliana (L. 80 Add to cart;Stewart, CE, Roosendaal, D, Denef, K, Pruessner, E, Comas, LH, Sarath, G, Jin, VL, Schmer, MR and Soundararajan, M (2017) Seasonal switchgrass ecotype contributions to soil organic carbon, deep soil microbial community composition and rhizodeposit uptake during an extreme drought. The allele combination of the SNPs revealed that the transition mutations are more prevalent than the transversion mutations. and Sarath, Gautam and Jin, Virginia L. Switchgrass is a native warm season (NWS) perennial grass that is often grown as a forage crop, natural wildlife habitat, or, increasingly, as a bioenergy crop. Eastern Time. Switchgrass was seeded at 30 PLS ft 2 using a no-till drill and seeded at 6-, 12-, 18-, 24-, 30-, and 36-inch row spacings. ) has been identified in the USA as an ideal biomass crop, in relation to its wide environmental suitability, mainly linked to the availability of both upland. Pipeline Mix w/Switchgrass;. ”. This study was designed to support ecological risk assessments for switchgrass biofuels plantations by determining if: 1) switchgrass plants collected in the. 13 Mg CO 2 e ha −1 y −1. Find the exact seeds you need for your project using the advanced search and filtering options of our Seed Finder Tool:Switchgrass, ‘Blackwell’. ) Heynh, Columbia-0 ecotype (Col-0), with the Agrobacterium-mediated floral dip method as described in (Bechtold and Pelletier, 1998). This will enable an improved understanding of the productivity and economic lifespan of switchgrass as a biomass crop in Southern. Indiangrass (Sorghastrum nutans) NY ecotype 90% 15 lbs. S. The variety “Alamo” (Figure 1) is an example of the lowland ecotype and “Cave-in-Rock” is an upland variety. Ploidy variation in switchgrass is ecotype-specific: plants of the lowland type are tetraploid, whereas those of the upland ecotype are primarily tetraploid (4×) or octoploid (8×). Short-lived cool season bunchgrass; provides quick protection against soil, wind, and water erosion; used as a companion or.